Indian Temples : Parshvanath Temple, Khajuraho- Highlights

 


Parshvanath Temple, Khajuraho

Introduction
Parshvanath Temple, located in the eastern group of temples at Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh, is the largest and most ornate among the Jain temples of the UNESCO World Heritage Site complex. Dedicated to Lord Parshvanath, the 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism, the temple stands as a fine example of Chandela-era artistry, blending religious devotion with architectural brilliance. Known for its intricate sculptures and elegant design, it remains an important pilgrimage site for the Jain community and a treasured monument for heritage lovers.

History in Detail
The Parshvanath Temple was constructed around 950–970 CE during the reign of the Chandela dynasty, which is renowned for its patronage of art, architecture, and religion. Initially, the temple may have been dedicated to Adinath, the first Tirthankara, as evidenced by some inscriptions and iconography. Later, it came to be associated with Lord Parshvanath, and his idol was installed as the principal deity.

The Chandela rulers, though predominantly Hindu, supported multiple faiths, including Jainism. The temple’s construction reflected this spirit of religious tolerance and cultural richness. Over the centuries, it survived invasions and the decline of Khajuraho’s prominence, thanks to its location and the care of the Jain community. Today, it is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and remains a functional place of worship.

Significance

  • Jain Pilgrimage Site: A revered shrine for followers of Jainism, especially those devoted to Lord Parshvanath.
  • Architectural Grandeur: Represents the peak of Chandela temple architecture, with its perfect balance of form and detail.
  • Cultural Heritage: Part of the Khajuraho Group of Monuments, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  • Symbol of Tolerance: Reflects the coexistence of different religious traditions during the Chandela period.


Temple Details

  • Deity: Lord Parshvanath (23rd Jain Tirthankara).
  • Architectural Style: Nagara-style architecture, similar to the other Khajuraho temples but with distinctive Jain motifs.
  • Key Features:
    • Highly ornate outer walls adorned with sculptures depicting celestial beings, musicians, dancers, and everyday life.
    • Sanctum (garbhagriha) housing the idol of Lord Parshvanath.
    • Mandapa (assembly hall) supported by finely carved pillars.
    • Exquisite carvings of yakshas, yakshinis, apsaras, and Jain mythological themes.
    • Iconic depiction of shalabhanjika (a woman touching a tree branch), a recurring Khajuraho motif.

Timings

  • Daily: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM
    (Timings may vary slightly during festivals or maintenance periods.)

Connectivity

  • By Air: Khajuraho Airport (approx. 6 km) has regular flights to Delhi, Varanasi, and other cities.
  • By Rail: Khajuraho Railway Station (approx. 8 km) connects to major cities like Jhansi and Delhi.
  • By Road: Well-linked via NH 39 to Jhansi, Satna, and other towns; local taxis and auto-rickshaws are available for temple visits.

Legacy
Parshvanath Temple stands as a testament to the Chandela dynasty’s cultural inclusivity and the rich artistic traditions of medieval India. Its sculptures capture both the spiritual essence of Jainism and the worldly beauty of life, making it a timeless symbol of devotion and artistry. For devotees, it remains a sacred place to seek spiritual guidance, and for historians and travelers, it is an enduring link to India’s golden age of temple building.



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